In this to the market. The situation is made worst by Covid vein, Ibrahim, Abdurraham and Umar argued pandemic which has limited freedom of movement and that cattle and cattle farmers also suffer damages human interaction globally. These ugly developments because sometimes crop farmers inflict physical have led to high increase in the prices of food items injuries on their cattle and even poison the cattle.
Table I below is a graphical picture of the trend in Odoh and Chilaka revealed that about 34 price increases of seven staple food items in the country. Table 1: Market Survey of Some Staple Food in Nigeria Year Items Wt Remark Flour 50kg bag Egan Market Sugar 50kg bag Relieve Market Gari 50kg bag Eke Awka Market Beans 50kg bag Ikotun Market Rice 50kg bag Igando Market Corn 50kg bag Jos Main Market Yam A tuber Ogbote Market Source: Igbokwe-Ibeto Table 1 above showcases a consistent increase in prices the country coupled by the banditry and Boko Haram of seven staple food items in Nigeria.
In all ramifications, insurgency being experienced in some Northern parts of it appears the trend is bound to continue going by impact the country is a pointer to this claim. Significance of Effective Grazing they have not been able to manage these polices to Management in Nigeria achieve their goals due to lack of government commitment. The significance of effective grazing management is that, drawing experiences from developed and developing In addition, the availability of organisation and structure countries in this globalized era, Nigeria can successfully required to confront challenges emanating from natural address challenges of food insecurity and sustainable disaster and occurrence like the global Covid human development if the herdsmen departs from their pandemic, climate change and ozone layer depletion are current open grazing culture which hinders food security non-existent Igbokwe-Ibeto , FAO Even and sustainable human development.
The lack of law, transparency and accountability, administrative equipment to manage open grazing and climatic changes probity and culture of good governance. The ecology of is a demonstration of the fact that the right priorities are public sector management in any given country could not pursued.
In view of the fore-going challenges, what prosper or hinder the goals of sustainable human can be done in the short and long term to reduce, manage, development if not well managed Agbodike, Igbokwe- or eliminate these constraints? It is arguable that the ecological seeks to address in section that follows.
Recommendations However, in contemporary times, government should know that their goal should be the pursuit of public There can never be any meaningful progress in resolving interest and in doing this; they must put national interest the food insecurity and crisis in Nigeria without a critical over and above personal interest and primordial issues. Ideologically, the imperative of Majority of Nigerians depend on agriculture as their psychological power with which people evaluate and means of livelihood.
With an enabling environment, the communicate ideals among themselves and their decline in farming and other agricultural activities due to environment cannot be overemphasised Political Bureau banditry, kidnapping, Boko Haram insurgency, the Fulani Report Sustainable human development emphasis killer herdsmen and the global Covid pandemic, qualitative and quantitative changes in the welfare and farmers will have sufficient resources in meeting the food wellbeing of the people.
According to Igbokwe-Ibeto needs of the country. Therefore, the immediate priority , the interface between development and ideology for policy makers and public sector managers in Nigeria is dialectical in the sense that ideology is responsible for is to re-examine the reliability and validity of traditional managing and organising both perceptively and actively, method of open grazing still in practice in the country what is it that should be transformed or developed with the aim of adopting the modern cattle ranching as Political Bureau Report , In this context, obtain in western developed countries.
Open Grazing, Food Insecurity and Human A clear analysis of agricultural policies and programmes Development: The State Intervention suggest that the present development paradigm of Nigerian government is not tailored towards food self- This section of the article examines open grazing, food sufficiency and self-reliance. It is skewed in favors of the insecurity and human development and challenges metropolitan, which have consistently served as the facing state intervention in combating and managing development model in the country since the 's and them.
Since the military era, government policy on 80's. Where government does the primary responsibility of government thereby put the otherwise, their implementations often fall short of control of government effectively in the hands of the expectations.
Although successive governments have people rather than the few political elites as witness come up with well-articulated policies on food presently Osaghea By doing this, some of the production, such as Operation Feed the Nation OFN challenges confronting herdsmen-farmers clash, food Green Revolution, Presidential Initiative on Staple Food insecurity and sustainable human development can Production, Agricultural Transformation Agency etc.
In addition, searchlight was also proper implementation and monitoring of such funds beamed on the theoretical framework for a better should be put in place. This is to ensure that monies get to understanding of the concepts under interrogation. In Thus, modernisation theories have been examined as Nigeria, government monies and aids meant for food postulated by scholars. An attempt was also made to production is often hijacked by portfolio farmers who establish the nexus between open grazing, food divert such funds for personal uses.
Government should insecurity and sustainable human development in devise a way of identifying the real farmers and make Nigeria. Prices of food items have astronomically gone No doubt, the present open grazing coupled with climate high and government appears not to have the technical change is impacting negatively on agriculture, small and know-how on how to tackle the crisis. Government medium enterprises SMEs and sustainable human should rise up to its primary responsibility by providing development in general.
It has to be well managed for article. However, managing the present situation of things sustainable human development to be achieved. For this should not be left to government alone. It requires to be realise, all hands must be put on desk as it cannot be collective efforts by the civil society.
Proper management left to government alone to manage. Everyone in the of the state in the interest of all-irrespective of ethnic society is a stakeholder. The way and manner people sentiments and religious bigotry cannot be burn bushes should be reduced to mitigate the impact overemphasized. Mosquitoes bite and other rodent attacks reduce the References abilities of the people to engage in active enterprises especially in the area of agriculture and food Agbodike, F.
C, Igbokwe-Ibeto, C. Thus, managing this phenomenon is for , Local Government Administration and the good of all in society. Review of Public Indeed, governments at all levels have not been up Administration and Management, 3 6 and doing in their regulatory functions most especially as it concerns the use of the environment.
Ake, C. But does the present C. Perhaps, these constitute another Management Review, 15 1 area of research. Suffice to say here that the Nigerian state Anazodo, R. J, Osawe, C. Conclusion imperatives. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 16 6 The issue of open grazing, food insecurity and Bemisaya, O. Okeke, E. T, Akinlabi, B. Kufor, J. Nwagboso, C.
Nwanegbo, C. Retrieved 5. Nweke, P. Oche, O. Democratization and the Management of African Security. In Akindele, R. Omede, J. Reformatting Nigerian Secondary and Post-Secondary education to meet unemployment and security challenges in Nigeria in the 21st century.
Onifade, C. Soludo, C. The Sun Newspaper, 2nd August All rights reserved. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. The consequence of this is growing uncertainty Onuoha, Bad governance and poor Leadership That fact remains Nigeria's fundamental cause of insecurity from the past till now.
Any government anywhere has the primary function of providing basic services such as water, electricity, good road network, quality education, and general infrastructure. Ironically, these basic things are not there in Nigeria and the people, in general, are Frustrated and demoralized. Demoralization and anger logically provide a strong fertile ground for aggression and general insecurity.
The scarcity of these basic amenities in Nigeria is embarrassingly not due to a shortage of funds but rather to corruption at the highest level of leadership structure. A reality articulated by Hazen and Horner , of a wealthy nation with poor people in the majority. It is therefore an enormous task to take responsibility for giving leadership direction in such communities or societies in a multi-ethnic and religious society like Nigeria, given the current scenario of the democratic politics in which the nation has been located.
To this end, believing that weak leadership, has added more challenges to the uncertainty and causes of insecurity not just in the north but also in Nigeria in general, might not be an unfounded statement According to Charas, Mbaya, and Liberty , a number of violent cultures such as thuggery, indiscipline, corruption, abduction, bombing, etc.
Since the nation gained political independence in , we have been experiencing rising insecurity in Nigeria.
Recently, the rising insecurity has assumed a dangerous dimension that even threatens the Nigerian state's business life. Removing such challenges should be Nigeria's number one priority at all levels because the nation cannot achieve any significant development despite insecurity and terrorism. Governments need to be proactive in resolving security issues and threats by modern methods of intelligence gathering and sharing intelligence, preparation, logistics, encouragement, and the implementation of advanced technology to address security challenges.
The way out in Nigeria to solve the problem of insecurity is by government pushing growth with its policies. The creation that we are addressing here involves: i. There is a need to establishment Community Policing within each divisional police headquarters for effective management of insecurity. There is a need to created an economy with appropriate social, economic, and physical infrastructure for business and industrial growth.
There is a need for our security apparatus to ultimately improve the training of security officers, sufficient training in modern security methodologies, the provision of state-of-the-art equipment and appropriate remuneration, good service conditions, and convenient after-service arrangements. The government should boost people's living standards by establishing more centers of entrepreneurship across the nation, most notably in the North and North East.
The government should create more job opportunities for the youth; this will make them abstain from committing all such crimes. Politicians who use thugs should be barred from politics for life. Governments should promote good governance, openness, accountability through the use of print and digital media, and inform the public through conferences, seminars, and NGOs.
References [1] Achumba, I. The political and security implications of cross border migration between Nigeria and her Francophone Neighbours. The Concept of Security. British International Studies Association. The proliferation of small arms and light weapons in Africa: a case study of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Sacha Journal of Environmental Studies. World Food Programme WFP ensure that supplementary food supplies reach children and pregnant and lactating women to prevent acute malnutrition.
Almost all of the factors which create and add to the food insufficiency in Nigeria are man-made problems. Though Nigeria is not a poor country, its developmental management has been poor. It is believed that alongside the aid of international organizations like the FTP and the WTP, these problems need to be individually and properly addressed. If done so, then solutions will become apparent, and the problem of food insufficiency in Nigeria will quickly be resolved.
Blog - Latest News. Gender is a Factor Unsurprisingly, gender inequality in Nigeria can also be blamed as a major factor for the food insecurity in Nigeria.
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